Welcome to your Neurophysiology Name Email 1. [Which of the following features is highly suggestive of an acquired demyelinating polyneuropathy?] Prolonged distal latency Severely reduced conduction velocity Abnormal temporal dispersion Severely reduced motor or sensory amplitude None . 2. [A 20-year-old basketball player noticed painless shoulder weakness when a heavy dumbbell fell on his neck while lifting weights. He was able to play but has noticed difficulty performing push-ups. A nerve conduction study revealed decreased median and radial sensory amplitudes. These findings best localize to] C5 root injury C6 root injury Upper trunk brachial plexopathy Spinal accessory nerve injury None . 3. [A tumor in the medulla can be expected to reduce or abolish all of the following waveforms except] N13 P14 N18 P31 None . 4. [Focal EEG abnormalities observed prior to carotid clamping during carotid endarterectomy can include all of the following except] They are present in over 90% of patients They can consist of reduced amplitude of the anterior beta and alpha activity with or without polymorphic delta activity They can become unmasked with anesthesia They can become obscured with anesthesia None . 5. [Potential safety concerns with transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) can include all of the following except] Malfunctioning of deep brain stimulator Significant brain tissue heating Excitotoxicity in brain tissue Forceful jaw closure None . 6. [All of the following statements are true about generation of EEG waveforms except] A negative field potential develops at the surface with activation of a superficial excitatory synapse A positive field potential develops at the surface with activation of a deep inhibitory synapse Individual excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) in the upper dendrites of the neurons summate to produce depolarization Thalamocortical feedback loops modulate the amplitude of EEG waveforms None . 7. [Vitamin B6 toxicity typically leads to which of the following electrodiagnostic findings?] Absent motor responses Absent motor responses and severe denervation in distal muscles Absent sensory responses Normal nerve conduction studies but denervation in proximal and distal muscles None . 8. [What is the rate of transfer of energy?] Charge Current Capacitance Power None . 9. [Myotonic discharges are most likely seen in which of the following disorders?] Duchenne muscular dystrophy Acid maltase deficiency Miyoshi myopathy Hypokalemic periodic paralysis None . 10. [Which of the following situations may lead to higher peroneal motor amplitude with stimulation at the fibular neck compared to ankle stimulation?] Excessive stimulation at the fibular head Submaximal stimulation at the ankle Accessory peroneal nerve innervation All of the above None . 11. [All of the following features are consistent with periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges (PLEDs) except] They can occur at a frequency of 0.05–2 Hz They are usually unilateral but may extend to the contralateral side The background between the discharges is always normal The morphology of the discharges can be biphasic or triphasic None . 12. [Which of the following is true regarding the sodium–potassium pump?] It helps to neutralize the membrane potential It involves passive transport of sodium and potassium ions It actively transports 3 sodium ions into the cell and 2 potassium ions out of the cell It allows for secondary active transporters to function via the use of the sodium gradient None . 13. [By 3 months of age, what is the frequency of the posterior dominant rhythm (PDR)?] There is no clear PDR 2 Hz 3 Hz 5 Hz None . 14. [All of the following statements regarding the development of REM sleep are true except] REM sleep constitutes 30% of sleep at birth REM sleep is characterized by the presence of occipital sharp transients during infancy Brief apneic periods lasting 3–10 seconds can be seen in normal infants during REM sleep REM sleep shows increasing desynchronization by 6–12 years None . 15. [Across a resistor in a resistor–capacitor (RC) circuit, the voltage drop is characterized by all of the following except] It is maximal at the outset of an applied square wave pulse It is very sensitive to sudden changes in applied voltage It acts like a high-frequency filter It acts like a high-pass filter None . 16. [An 8-year-old has right eye blindness since birth. He fainted after playing outside in the summer. All of the following abnormalities can be expected on an EEG except] Left occipital spikes Slowing of the right posterior dominant rhythm (PDR) Loss of photic driving Loss of lambda waves None . 17. [Hyperventilation (HV) could be potentially helpful in all of the following clinical scenarios except] An 8-year-old boy who frequently daydreams in school A 58-year-old male with a history of right-sided hemiplegia A 27-year-old female with a history of significant psychosocial stressors and nonstereotyped intractable seizures A 30-year-old female with seizures characterized by déjà vu and lip smacking None . 18. [All of the following can occur with decreasing click intensity during brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) recording except] Prolongation of interpeak latencies (IPLs) Prolongation of absolute latencies Decrease in amplitude Change in Wave I shape None . 19. [All of the following statements regarding the mu rhythm are true except] The frequency tends to be in the theta range It is best seen over the central head regions It is associated with the sensorimotor cortex It is generally asymmetrical and asynchronous in distribution None . 20. [Alexander disease is likely to be associated with which of the following EEG findings?] Bifrontal slowing Generalized periodic discharges (GPDs) Temporal spikes Burst suppression None . 21. [Which of the following is true regarding the nomenclature of EEG activity?] Sigma rhythm refers to 15–20 Hz activity Rho waves refer to positive occipital sharp transients of sleep (POSTS) Phi rhythm refers to temporal rhythmic delta activity in children Ripples refers to 50–80 Hz activity None . 22. [A 30-year-old woman presents with increasing fatigue, decreased exercise tolerance, and weakness over the last few years. On examination, she had proximal limb weakness with normal reflexes and sensation. Facial strength was normal. Her forced vital capacity was decreased. Routine motor and sensory nerve studies were normal. Needle EMG revealed short-duration, myopathic motor units in proximal muscles. What additional step during the electrodiagnostic testing would be helpful?] Facial EMG Repetitive stimulation of the facial nerve EMG of the thoracic paraspinal muscles Diaphragmatic EMG None . 23. [An obese 30-year-old male with excessive daytime sleepiness was evaluated. An overnight polysomnogram (PSG) showed sleep-onset latency of 20 minutes, sleep efficiency of 90%, periodic limb movement of sleep (PLMS) index of 10, and an apnea hypopnea index (AHI) of 4. A multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) performed the following morning was not diagnostic for narcolepsy. What is the likely cause of his excessive daytime sleepiness?] Apnea Periodic limb movements of sleep Respiratory effort-related arousals (RERAs) Insomnia None . 24. [A 70-year-old man developed complete right sciatic nerve injury after hip replacement surgery. On sensory examination, which part of the lower extremity is expected to be normal?] Dorsum of the foot Lateral part of the calf First web space between the great toe and second toe Medial aspect of the leg (over the tibial bone) None . 25. [A 51-year-old male undergoes brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) monitoring during resection of a right vestibular schwannoma. All of the following changes suggest an adverse postoperative outcome except] Loss of Waves I, III, and V suggests damage to the internal auditory artery Ninety percent attenuation of Wave I with intact Waves III and V during bone drilling suggests permanent damage to the cochlea Delay of Waves III and V but not Wave I suggests 8th nerve damage Loss of Waves III and V with preservation of Wave I suggests damage to the lower pons None .
