Welcome to your Neurophysiology Name Email 1. [Advantages of magnetoencephalography (MEG) over EEG include all of the following except] Good spatial resolution Selectivity to activity in the Sylvian fissure Relative insensitivity to the properties of extracerebral tissue Selectivity to radial currents None . 2. [Small sharp spikes (SSS) can be differentiated from epileptiform discharges by all of the following except] SSS appear in light sleep and disappear during deeper stages of sleep SSS tend to have a steep descending limb SSS are not associated with aftergoing slow waves SSS may have transverse oblique dipoles on transverse montages None . 3. [Which of the following drugs can cause a combination of toxic neuropathy and myopathy?] Metronidazole Hydroxychloroquine Isoniazid Phenytoin None . 4. [All of the following statements about blink reflex study are correct except] It is a polysynaptic reflex Efferent and afferent fibers travel through different cranial nerves Bilateral R2 responses are seen after stimulation Bilateral R1 responses are seen after stimulation None . 5. [An appropriate montage for recording median somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) includes all of the following channels except] CPc–EPc CPi–EPc C5S–EPc EPi–EPc None . 6. [A 20-year-old male was diagnosed with Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) in the emergency department based on acute onset of weakness 4 days ago, areflexia, and elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein. Nerve conduction study and EMG were performed on the day of admission. EMG is most likely to reveal the following in the weak muscles ( fig )] None Comment . 7. [Which of the following is true regarding cathode?] It is the positively charged terminal of a galvanic cell It is the negatively charged terminal of a galvanic cell It repels electrons It represents the terminal into which the current flows None . 8. [Lambdoid waves are] Surface-positive waveforms Seen during both wakefulness and light sleep Triggered by scanning complex visual patterns Relatively rare, being encountered in less than 10% of the healthy population None . 9. [Which of the following serves as the main mechanism to help move sodium ions into the cell during depolarization?] Passive transport Active transport Facilitated diffusion Transcellular transport None . 10. [A 34-year-old male presents with new onset headache and bilateral upper and lower extremity numbness worse on the right side. Median somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) shows intact potentials with prolonged N9–P14 interpeak latency (IPL) and normal P14–N20 IPL. Which of the following conditions is likely?] Median nerve compression Guillain–Barré syndrome Pontine glioma Thalamic hemorrhage None . 11. [EEG findings in mitochondrial disorders can include all of the following except] Sharp waves with bifrontal predominance Enhancement of sharp waves with photic stimulation Epilepsia partialis continua Periodic or pseudoperiodic sharp waves None . 12. [Which of the following statements regarding the relationship between age and the sleep stages is false?] Sleep latency tends to increase with age N1 decreases with age N3 decreases with age REM tends to decrease with age None . 13. [The standard paper speed for EEG recording in the United States is] 15 mm/sec 30 mm/sec 45 mm/sec 60 mm/sec None . 14. [All of the following are true of a term infant’s EEG 1 month after birth except] In wakefulness, the EEG background develops into centrally predominant, nonreactive, rhythmical theta activity The background is relatively symmetrical and synchronous Quiet sleep (QS) develops into slow wave sleep Tracé alternant remains prominent with asynchronous bursts None . 15. [A 23-year-old man presented to the neurology clinic with a history of multiple episodes of weakness. Each episode usually lasts a few hours. He originally noticed these episodes during his teenage years. Episodes are often preceded by prolonged activity or large meals. On examination, he did not have any clinical myotonia. Nerve conduction studies (NCS) and EMG were done. Which of the following is most likely on EMG?] None . 16. [Compared to concentric EMG needles, monopolar needles have which of the following features?] Smaller motor unit potential amplitude Increased pain Increased variability of motor unit potentials Recording smaller area of muscle None . 17. [As part of nocturnal polysomnogram, a 3-channel EEG and a 2-channel EMG are recorded. The appropriate way to bill for this procedure is] Bill for the polysomnogram, the routine EEG, and the surface EMG Bill for the polysomnogram and the routine EEG Bill for the polysomnogram and the surface EMG Bill for the polysomnogram only None . 18. [A 43-year-old male was evaluated for excessive daytime fatigue. Otherwise, he is asymptomatic. He underwent a polysomnogram (PSG), which showed an apnea hypopnea index (AHI) of 4. His hypnogram is shown below. What is the most likely diagnosis? (fig)] Obstructive sleep apnea Restless legs syndrome (RLS) Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) Narcolepsy None Comment . 19. [Potential safety concerns with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can include all of the following except] Triggering of seizures Transient headache Hearing loss Malfunctioning of vagus nerve stimulator None . 20. [All of the following conditions can be associated with sleep-onset REM periods (SOREMPs) except] Narcolepsy Recent sleep deprivation Phenobarbital administration Circadian rhythm disorders None . 21. [Which of the following statements is true regarding lambda waves?] They are not seen outside the occipital region They are most common in children and adolescents They can be triggered by eye closure immediately after scanning a complex picture They are usually asynchronous and asymmetric None . 22. [Pattern reversal visual evoked potential (PRVEP) is most suitable in the following patient type] Comatose patients Neonates Those with severe visual impairment Patients with suspected psychogenic blindness None . 23. [Which of the following is false regarding the neuronal membrane potential?] It is dependent on the differential ionic concentrations across the membrane It is dependent on the permeability of ions across the membrane It is calculated using the Hodgkin–Huxley Model The resting membrane potential is close to the Nernst potential for chloride (Cl) None . 24. [A 16-year-old girl with intractable epilepsy was admitted for Phase II (ie, intracranial) evaluation. Her semiology is characterized by an epigastric aura, salivation, and swallowing along with concomitant clonic facial movements. Which area is likely to be in the ictal onset zone?] Supplementary motor area (SMA) Frontal operculum Cingulate gyrus Mesial temporal None . 25. [Which of the following statements is true regarding motor unit potential morphology in infants as compared to normal healthy adults?] Infants and adults have similar motor unit morphology Infants have significantly smaller motor unit amplitude than adults Infants have larger motor unit amplitude than adults because of higher synchrony among muscle fibers Only infants with myopathy have smaller motor unit amplitude than adults None .
