Welcome to your Echo - CVT- Noninvasive Name Email 1. [Determination of regurgitant orifice area by the proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) method is based on:] Law of conservation of mass Law of conservation of energy Law of conservation of momentum Jet momentum analysis None . 2. [The structure indicated by the arrow is: (fig)] Descending thoracic aorta Coronary sinus Left lower pulmonary vein Left PA None Comment . 3. [Doing which of the following modifications to the Doppler processing will allow myocardial velocities to be recorded selectively compared with blood pool velocities?] A band pass filter that allows low velocities A band pass filter that allows high amplitude signals Both Neither None . 4. [This image of the aortic arch from the suprasternal view is suggestive of: (fig)] Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) Coarctation of the aorta Severe aortic regurgitation Aortic pseudoaneurysm None Comment . 5. [The still-frame image of a parasternal short-axis and parasternal long-axis view is shown. This is a 40-year-old male with a history of Marfan syndrome. What surgical procedure did this patient undergo: (fig)] Coronary artery bypass Bentall Ascending aortic graft None of the above None Comment . 6. [Doppler signals from the myocardium, compared with those from the blood pool, display:] Lower velocity Greater amplitude Both of the above None of the above None . 7. [Image quality on an ultrasound scan is dark throughout? What is the first best step to take?] Increase output power Increase receiver gain Change to a higher frequency transducer Decrease receiver gain None . 8. [The valve indicated by the arrow is: (fig)] Pulmonary valve Aortic valve Tricuspid valve Mirror image artifact of the aortic valve None Comment . 9. [The part of the anatomy and measurement indicated by the line is: (fig)] The sino-tubular junction Sinus diameter Sinus height Aortic annular diameter None Comment . 10. [The signals shown here are annular: (fig)] Velocity Displacement Strain Strain rate None Comment . 11. [The image of the aortic valve is suggestive of : (fig)] Aortic valve vegetation Node of Arantius Lambl’s excrescences Aortic valve vegetation None Comment . 12. [The relationship between propagation speed, frequency, and wavelength is given by the formula:] Propagation speed = frequency × wavelength Propagation speed = wavelength/frequency Propagation speed = frequency/wavelength Propagation speed = wavelength × period None Comment . 13. [The image is suggestive of: (fig)] Aortic dissection Aortic valve endocarditis Unicuspid aortic valve Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy None Comment . 14. [The continuous wave Doppler signal is suggestive of: (fig)] Severe mixed aortic valve disease Mixed pulmonary valve disease Mixed mitral valve disease Mitral and aortic regurgitation None Comment . 15. [The image shown is indicative of: (fig)] Large left pleural effusion Cardiac tamponade Congenital absence of pericardium Artifact None Comment . 16. [The image of IVC from the above patient is suggestive of: (fig)] Normal RA pressure Low RA pressure Elevated RA pressure None Comment . 17. [A 21-year-old male with a history of heart transplant had this echocardiogram. The short-axis and four-chamber color flow shows: (fig)] Mild tricuspid regurgitation Moderate tricuspid regurgitation Severe tricuspid regurgitation None of the above None Comment . 18. [This is a 51-year-old Armenian male admitted with complaints of chest pain. Heunderwent an echocardiogram. The still frame of 2D and color images show: (fig)] ASD An inferior septal VSD Muscular VSD None of the above None Comment . 19. [This patient is likely to have (BP 130/65 mmHg): (fig)] High left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) Diastolic MR Premature mitral valve closure All of the above None Comment . 20. [If the patient in question 114 has tricuspid stenosis with a mean diastolic gradient of 8mmHg across the tricuspid valve, the PA diastolic pressure would be:] 26mmHg 34mmHg 18mmHg Cannot be estimated None . Time's upTime is Up!
