Welcome to your Echo - CVT- Noninvasive Name Email 1. [The most common cause of coronary sinus dilatation is:] Heart failure Persistent left superior vena cava Atrial septal defect None of the above None . 2. [For a patient with MR and AR, the following measurements were obtained using echo Doppler: flow across the pulmonary valve 75 cc/beat, flow across the mitral valve 120 cc/beat, flow across the aortic valve 90 cc/beat, TVI of MR signal 90 cm, TVI of AR signal 75 cm. The following statement is accurate in this patient:] MR ERO is 0.5 cm2 and AR ERO is 0.2 cm2 MR ERO is 1.3 cm2 and AR ERO is 1.2 cm2 Cannot be calculated None . 3. [Aliasing occurs in this type of imaging:] Pulsed wave Doppler Continuous wave Doppler None of the above All of the above None . 4. [This apical four-chamber view shows: (fig)] A pacemaker lead in the right ventricle (RV) A pacemaker lead in the coronary sinus Epicardial RV lead Artifact in the RV None Comment . 5. [This pulse Doppler signal from a TEE image from the patient in question 461 issuggestive of: (fig)] Normal pattern of pulmonary vein pattern Systolic flow reversal in the pulmonary vein suggestive of severe MR Systolic flow reversal in the SVC suggestive of severe TR None of the above None Comment . 6. [This patient has: (fig)] Mild to moderate aortic stenosis Mild mitral regurgitation Acute severe mitral regurgitation VSD with Pulmonary hypertension None Comment . 7. [The amount of tricuspid regurgitation in this patient is: (fig)] Mild Moderate Severe Cannot quantify None Comment . 8. [The patient shown here has: (fig)] Prosthetic mitral valve Tricuspid atresia Left SVC Biventricular pacemaker None Comment . 9. [Doppler shift frequency is independent of:] Operating frequency Doppler angle Propagation speed Amplitude None . 10. [In a patient with isolated AR, the following measurements were obtained: transmitral flow 80 cc/beat, flow across aortic valve 140 cc/beat, TVI of AR signal 100 cm. The AR in this patient is:] Mild Moderate Severe Cannot be determined None . 11. [The following measurements were obtained in a patient with mitral regurgitation: proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) radius 1 cm at a Nyquist limit of 50 cm/s, peak mitral regurgitation velocity 5 m/s, and mitral regurgitation signal time velocity integral 100 cm. The regurgitant volume is:] 63 cc/beat 31 cc/beat 63 cc/s 63% None . 12. [Saline contrast echocardiography in a patient with cirrhosis of the liver showed appearance of contrast in the left atrium five beats after its appearance in the right atrium. This is suggestive of:] Normal physiology Hepatopulmonary syndrome Patent foramen ovale Portopulmonary syndrome None . 13. [Continuous wave Doppler signal from the tricuspid valve is consistent with: (fig)] Carcinoid syndrome Severe pulmonary hypertension Constriction None of the above None Comment . 14. [In the above example, the reflected ultrasound will have a frequency of:] 2 002 600 Hz 1 998 700 Hz 1 000 000 Hz 2MHz None . 15. [In the image shown here, the arrow denotes: (fig)] Right coronary artery Coronary sinus Aortic ring abscess Prosthetic valve dehiscence None Comment . 16. [Prosthetic valve gradients are increased in following conditions except:] Anemia Febrile state LV diastolic dysfunction Hyperthyroidism None . 17. [An increase in LV end systolic volume during stress may occur in all of the situations except:] Multivessel CAD Left main CAD Hypertensive blood pressure response Left ventricular hypertrophy None . 18. [A 45-year-old female was admitted to the hospital with complaints of acute onset of shortness of breath. This still frame shows: (fig)] Pleural effusion Pericardial effusion Normal heart None Comment . 19. [In the patient above, the systemic blood pressure is 120/80mmHg in the absence of aortic stenosis and the left atrial pressure is 20mmHg.The effective mitral regurgitant orifice area would be:] 0.7 cm2 0.5 cm2 1 cm2 Cannot be calculated None . 20. [This patient has a secundum ASD with dimensions of the defect 3 cm× 2 cm, timevolocity intergral (TVI) of flow across the defect is 39 cm, and the heart rate is 70 beats per minute. The approximate shunt flow across the ASD is: (fig)] 12.8 L/min 3 L/min 7 L/min Cannot be calculated None Comment . Time's upTime is Up!
