Welcome to your Echo - CVT- Noninvasive Name Email 1. [The continuous wave Doppler signal shown here is suggestive of: (fig)] Mixed mitral valve disease with significant mitral stenosis (MS) and mitral regurgitation (MR) Mixed aortic valve disease with significant aortic stenosis (AS) and aortic regurgitation (AR) Combination of AR and MR Ventricular septal defect (VSD) with bidirectional flow None Comment . 2. [A 32-year-old female has a history of SLE. She was admitted with complaints of severe shortness of breath. A systolic frame of a four-chamber view is shown. The image shows: (fig)] Libman Sach’s endocarditis Bacterial endocarditis Post inflammatory changes of the mitral valve Normal mitral valve None Comment . 3. [The most common benign tumor in the heart is:] Left atrial myxoma Papillary fibroelastoma Lamble’s excrescences Fibroma None . 4. [Acoustic impedance equals (rayls):] Density in kg/m3 × speed of sound in m/s Density in kg/m3 × transducer frequency in MHz Depth in meters × transducer frequency in MHz None of the above None . 5. [Mitral flow profile shown here is suggestive of: (fig)] Normal LV diastolic function Abnormal relaxation Pseudonormal pattern Restrictive pattern None Comment . 6. [The TR velocity profile shown here is suggestive of: (fig)] Normal PA pressure Mild pulmonary hypertension Severe pulmonary hypertension with good RV function Severe pulmonary hypertension with poor RV function None Comment . 7. [A patient with prosthetic mitral valve no. 29 has a mean diastolic gradient of 10mmHg at a heart rate of 70 beats /min and a pressure half-time of 200 ms. This is consistent with:] Normal prosthetic valve function Prosthetic mitral valve stenosis Severe anemia with high output failure Severe MR None . 8. [In this TEE image, downward pointing arrow refers to: (fig)] Aortic valve Vegetation on the aortic valve Aortic subvalvular membrane Aortic dissection None Comment . 9. [Increase in LV end systolic wall stress is likely to reduce all of the following except:] Ejection fraction Fractional shortening Velocity of circumferential shortening LV positive dp/dt None . 10. [Rate of acceleration of the early portion of the aortic regurgitation (AR) signal is determined by:] LV negative dp/dt LV positive dp/dt LV end diastolic pressure Aortic end diastolic pressure None . 11. [Reflection of sound at an interface is affected by:] Specific acoustic impedance Transducer frequency Depth None of the above None . 12. [The cause of the abnormality shown here could be due to: (fig)] Persistent left SVC Congestive heart failure Unroofed coronary sinus All of the above None Comment . 13. [The Nyquist limit can also be increased by:] Increasing transducer frequency Reducing transducer frequency Reducing filter None of the above None . 14. [The part of the anatomy and measurement indicated by the line is: (fig)] The sino-tubular junction Sinus diameter Sinus height Aortic annular diameter None Comment . 15. [A sonographer adjusts the ultrasound machine to double the depth of view from 5  to 10 cm. If sector angle is reduced to keep the frame rate constant, which of the following has changed?] Axial resolution Temporal resolution Lateral resolution The wavelength None Comment . 16. [In the above patient, the jet direction would be:] Posterior Anterior Central None . 17. [This 65-year-old patient with MR is likely to have: (fig)] An opening snap Third heart sound Fourth heart sound Summation gallop None Comment . 18. [The continuous wave Doppler shows: (fig)] A PDA Coarctation of the aorta Coronary fistula None of the above None Comment . 19. [Increasing depth will change all of the following except:] Pulse duration Pulse repetition period Pulse repetition frequency Duty factor None . 20. [This patient had secundum ASD fairly circular with a diameter of 2 cm. The heart rate was 61/min. The approximate shunt flow would be: (fig)] 5 L/min 7.4 L/min 13 L/min 20 L/min None Comment . Time's upTime is Up!
