Welcome to your MLT- Professional Name: Email: Phone Number: [The incorrect match between the organism and one method of acquiring the infection is:] Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense—bite of sand fleas Giardia lamblia—ingestion of water contaminated with cysts Hookworm—skin penetration of larvae from soil Toxoplasma gondii—ingestion of raw or rare meats None . [The k (Cellano) antigen is a high-frequency antigen and is found on most red cells. How often would one expect to find the corresponding antibody?] Often, because it is a high frequency antibody Rarely, because most individuals have the antigen and therefore would not develop the antibody It depends upon the population, because certain racial and ethnic groups show a higher frequency of anti-k Impossible to determine without consulting regional blood group antigen charts None . [A solution that has a transmittance of 1.0 %T would have an absorbance of:] 1.0 2.0 1% 99% None . [Which of the following conditions is a characteristic finding in patients with obstructive renal disease?] Polyuria Azotemia Dehydration Alkalosis None . [Plate 36 is a Wright’s-stained peripheral blood film, 1,000×. The RBCs in this plate arecharacteristic of:] Hemolytic anemia Myelofibrosis Hgb C disease Sideroblastic anemia None Comment . [The half-band width of a monochromator is defined by:] The range of wavelengths passed at 50% maximum transmittance One-half the lowest wavelength of optical purity The wavelength of peak transmittance One-half the wavelength of peak absorbance None . [Which of the following individuals is acceptable as a blood donor?] A 29-year-old man who received the hepatitis B vaccine last week A 21-year-old woman who had her nose pierced last week A 30-year-old man who lived in Zambia for 3 years and returned last month A 54-year-old man who tested positive for hepatitis C last year, but has no active symptoms of disease None . [Acute pyelonephritis is commonly caused by:] Bacterial infection of medullary interstitium Circulatory failure Renal calculi Antigen–antibody reactions within the glomeruli None . [A patient showed positive results with screening cells and 4 donor units. The patient autocontrol was negative. What is the most likely antibody?] Anti-H Anti-S Anti-Kpa Anti-k None . [In situ hybridization (ISH) tests for human papilloma virus (HPV) using cervical smears differ from immunochemical staining of tissue in which regard?] ISH has lower analytical sensitivity ISH has lower analytical specificity ISH differentiates subtypes more easily ISH differentiates cervical neoplasia from genital warts None . [SITUATION: An immunology supervisor ordered several antinuclear antibody and influenza A kits. The outside packaging of both kits was marked to store at 2°C–8°C. The kits were shipped with dry ice, but were unpacked at 7:00 p.m. and left in the mailroom at room temperature until 7:00 a.m. the next morning. What should be done with the kits?] They can be placed into inventory They must be tested using quality controls before use and used only if QC performance is acceptable The kits should not be used for clinical testing The disposition of the kits depends on the manufacturer’s documentation for stability and the lab’s lot-to-lot analysis None . [Spherocytes differ from normal red cells in all of the following except:] Decreased surface to volume No central pallor Decreased resistance to hypotonic saline Increased deformability None . [A decreased PAO2–PaO2 difference is found in:] A/V (arteriovenous) shunting V/Q (ventilation/perfusion) inequality Ventilation defects All of these options None . [What screening test should be performed first in a young patient suspected of having an immune dysfunction disorder?] Complete blood count (CBC) and white cell differential Chemotaxis assay Complement levels Bone marrow biopsy None . [SITUATION: In the course of isolation, B. anthracis is recovered that may be implicated in an act of bioterrorism. Such an organism would fall under which Centers for Disease Control category of biological agent?] Category A Category B Category C None of these options None . [In performing a glucose tolerance test, the fasting specimen is drawn at 0815 hours and the patient finishes the glucose beverage at 0820 hours. When should the 1-hour specimen be collected? ] 0915 hours 0920 hours 0945 hours 0950 hours None . [Why is laboratory diagnosis difficult in cases of Lyme disease?] Clinical response may not be apparent upon initial infection; IgM antibody may not be detected until 3–6 weeks after the infection Laboratory tests may be designed to detect whole Borrelia burgdorferi, not flagellar antigen found early in infection Most laboratory tests are technically demanding and lack specificity Antibodies formed initially to B. burgdorferi may cross react in antigen tests for autoimmune diseases None . [SITUATION: A sample for ammonia assay is taken from an IV line that had been capped and injected with lithium heparin (called a heparin lock). The sample is drawn in a syringe containing lithium heparin, and immediately capped and iced. The plasma is separated and analyzed within 20 minutes of collection, and the result is 50 μg/dL higher than one measured 4 hours before. What is the most likely explanation of these results?] Significantly greater physiological variation is seen with patients having systemic, hepatic, and gastrointestinal diseases The syringe was contaminated with ammonia One of the two samples was collected from the wrong patient Stasis of blood in the line caused increased ammonia None . [A carbohydrate antigen 125 assay (CA-125) was performed on a woman with ovarian cancer. After treatment, the levels fell significantly. An examination performed later revealed the recurrence of the tumor, but the CA 125 levels remained low. How can this finding be explained?] Test error CA-125 was the wrong laboratory test; α-fetoprotein (AFP) is a better test to monitor ovarian cancer CA-125 may not be sensitive enough when used alone to monitor tumor development CA-125 is not specific enough to detect only one type of tumor None . [Which of the following formulas is the correct expression for creatinine clearance?] Creatinine clearance = U/P X V X 1.73/A Creatinine clearance = P/V X U X A/1.73 Creatinine clearance = P/V X U X 1.73/A Creatinine clearance = U/V X P X 1.73/A None . [In the test for urease production, ammonia reacts to form which product?] Ammonium citrate Ammonium carbonate Ammonium oxalate Ammonium nitrate None . [A patient complains of extreme pain when you insert the needle during a venipuncture attempt. The pain does not subside, but the patient does not feel any numbness or burning sensation. You know the needle is in the vein because the blood is flowing into the tube. You have only two tubes to fill, and the first one is almost full. What should you do?] Ask the patient if he or she wants you to continue the draw. Discontinue the draw and attempt collection at another site. Distract the patient with small talk and continue the draw. Tell the patient to hang in there as you have only one tube left. None . [In real-time PCR, quantitation can be done without standards of known copy number. Relative quantitation (estimated concentration) is possible because:] Each cycle generates a twofold increase in product Each cycle threshold represents a 10-fold increase in product The fluorescence of two samples can be compared directly Concentration is proportional to fluorescence at the endpoint of the PCR reaction None . [Which statement regarding reflectometry is true?] The relation between reflectance density and concentration is linear Single-point calibration can be used to determine concentration 100% reflectance is set with an opaque film called a white reference The diode array is the photodetector of choice None . [A patient had a transfusion reaction to packed red blood cells. The medical laboratory scientist began the laboratory investigation of the transfusion reaction by assembling pre- and post-transfusion specimens and all paperwork and computer printouts. What should he do next?] Perform a DAT on the post-transfusion sample Check for a clerical error(s) Repeat ABO and Rh typing of patient and donor unit Perform an antibody screen on the posttransfusion sample None . [A patient’s serum is incompatible with O cells. The patient RBCs give a negative reaction to anti-H lectin. What is the most likely cause of these results?] The patient may be a subgroup of A The patient may have an immunodeficiency The patient may be a Bombay The patient may have developed alloantibodies None . [In addition to the number of true negatives (TN), which of the following measurements is needed to calculate specificity?] True positives Prevalence False negatives False positives None . [Which carbohydrate measurement is clinically useful when performing a seminal fluid analysis?] Glucose Galactose Fructose Maltose None . [Which of the following statements regarding the L/S ratio is true?] A ratio of 2:1 or greater usually indicates adequate pulmonary surfactant to prevent respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) A ratio of 1.5:1 indicates fetal lung maturity in pregnancies associated with diabetes mellitus Sphingomyelin levels increase during the third trimester, causing the L/S ratio to fall slightly during the last 2 weeks of gestation A phosphatidylglycerol (PG) spot indicates the presence of meconium in the amniotic fluid None . [Which of the following thalassemias can be detected by PCR followed by blotting with a single specific oligonucleotide probe?] a-Thalassemia Hemoglobin S/ β -thalassemia β -Thalassemia None . Time's up
