Welcome to your Echo - CVT- Noninvasive Name Email 1. [The arrow points to (DTA = descending thoracic aorta): (fig)] Aortic aneurysm Inferior vena cava Dilated azygos vein Mirror image artifact None Comment . 2. [For the patient in the above question, if the systolic blood pressure is increased to 145mmHg, assuming that the effective orifice area is unchanged, then the:] MR jet size will double MR jet size will not change MR jet size will more than double None . 3. [Saline contrast echocardiography is suggestive of: (fig)] Patent foramen ovale (PFO) Pulmonary AV fistula Patent foramen or pulmonary A–V fistula No right-to-left shunting None Comment . 4. [Amount of mitral regurgitation depends upon:] Regurgitant orifice size Driving pressure Duration of systole All of the above None . 5. [The Doppler flow across the pulmonary valve is suggestive of: (fig)] Normal flow pattern Restriction Constriction Tamponade None Comment . 6. [What does the arrow show? (fig)] Flow in the pulmonary artery Flow in the aorta Coronary blood flow Cannot determine None Comment . 7. [The continuous wave Doppler signal shown here is suggestive of: (fig)] Mixed mitral valve disease with significant mitral stenosis (MS) and mitral regurgitation (MR) Mixed aortic valve disease with significant aortic stenosis (AS) and aortic regurgitation (AR) Combination of AR and MR Ventricular septal defect (VSD) with bidirectional flow None Comment . 8. [The structure denoted by the arrow is likely to be: (fig)] Artifact Right atrial thrombus Myxoma Fibroelastoma None Comment . 9. [The frame rate increases with:] Increasing the depth Reducing sector angle Increasing line density Adding color Doppler to B-mode imaging None . 10. [The structure indicated by the arrow is: (fig )] Coronary sinus Inferior vena cava Atrial septal defect None of the above None Comment . 11. [This 19-year-old patient was stabbed in the precordial are Examination revealed a loud systolic murmur. The most likely cause of this murmur is: (fig)] Penetrating injury to the interventricular septum Mitral valve prolapse Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) None of the above None Comment . 12. [Doppler shift frequency is independent of:] Operating frequency Doppler angle Propagation speed Amplitude None . 13. [This is a 51-year-old Armenian male admitted with complaints of chest pain. Heunderwent an echocardiogram. The still frame of 2D and color images show: (fig)] ASD An inferior septal VSD Muscular VSD None of the above None Comment . 14. [For the patient in question 184, diastolic myocardial velocity gradient for the posterior wall is:] 15/s 1.5/s 18/s 18 cm/s None . 15. [In the patient above, the systemic blood pressure is 120/80mmHg in the absence of aortic stenosis and the left atrial pressure is 20mmHg.The effective mitral regurgitant orifice area would be:] 0.7 cm2 0.5 cm2 1 cm2 Cannot be calculated None . 16. [The pulmonary vein flow pattern is indicative of: (fig)] Volume depletion Atrial fibrillation Elevated LVEDP with normal left atrial (LA) pressure Elevated LVEDP with high LA pressure None Comment . 17. [What is the abnormality in the accompanying image? (fig)] Congenital muscular ventricular septal defect (VSD) Postinfarction posterior VSD Artifact of the normal posterior thinning at the valve plane Postmyectomy of HOCM None Comment . 18. [What intervention can potentially change the mitral inflow pattern as shown in this image? (fig)] Diuresis Control of severe hypertension Correction of severe anemia All of the above None Comment . 19. [The cause of systolic murmur in this patient is likely to be: (fig)] Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy Valvular aortic stenosis Mitral valve prolapse VSD None Comment . 20. [All of the following are probable causes of mitral stenosis except:] Rheumatic fever Excessive calcification of the mitral annulus Phen-fen valvulopathy Ischemic heart disease None . Time's upTime is Up!
