Welcome to your Echo - CVT- Noninvasive Name Email 1. [Presence of atrial septal defect (ASD) in a patient with mitral stenosis is likely to do the following to the calculated mitral valve area by the pressure half-time method:] Overestimate the valve area Underestimate the valve area No change None . 2. [The mitral valve opening pattern in this patient is suggestive of: (fig)] Mitral stenosis High left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) Atrial fibrillation Normal pattern None Comment . 3. [The signal indicated by the arrow is produced by: (fig)] Pulmonary valvular stenois Dynamic subvalvular PS on top of valvular PS Mitral regurgitation VSD None Comment . 4. [Principal determinants of LV end systolic circumferential wall stress include all of the following except:] Left ventricular (LV) end systolic dimension Left ventricular (LV) end systolic pressure Left ventricular (LV) systolic wall thickness Left ventricular (LV) pressure at mitral valve closure None . 5. [If the propagation speed through medium 2 is greater than the propagation speed through medium 1 the transmission angle will be _______ the incidence angle.] Lesser Greater Equal to Cannot be determined None . 6. [This continuous wave Doppler signal is suggestive of: (fig)] AS and AR Mitral stenosis (MS) and MR VSD flow Aortic flow in a patient with coarctation None Comment . 7. [This mitral inflow pattern is consistent with: (fig)] Abnormal left ventricular (LV) relaxation with elevated left atrial (LA) pressure Abnormal LV relaxation with normal LA pressure Pseudonormal filling Restrictive LV filling None Comment . 8. [The arrow is indicative of: (fig)] Diastolic mitral regurgitation An artifact Pulmonary vein D wave picked up by the continuous wave cursor Mitral annular motion superimposed on the mitral flow None Comment . 9. [Leaflet calcification in degenerative mitral stenosis is:] More at the tip More at the base Uniform throughout the leaflets None . 10. [Left atrial myxoma may be differentiated from a left atrial thrombus by all of the following characteristics except:] Enhancement with transpulmonary contrast agent Presence of blood vessels on color flow imaging Attachment to the atrial septum Similar mass in the left ventricle (LV) with normal LV function. None . 11. [The PML compared to the AML is:] Shorter Longer Same length as the anterior leaflet Of variable length None . 12. [The still-frame image of an apical five-chamber view shows: (fig)] Artifact Anomalous coronary artery Coronary sinus Biventricular pacer lead None Comment . 13. [The structure indicated by the arrow is likely to be: (fig)] Aortic dissection Aortic transaction Right coronary artery Left coronary artery None Comment . 14. [The signals from septum and LV lateral wall are those of: (fig)] LV strain Strain rate Velocity None of the above None Comment . 15. [A dilated coronary sinus could be seen in all of the following conditions except:] Right atrial hypertension Persistent left superior vena cava Coronary A–V fistula Unroofed coronary sinus Azygos continuity of inferior vena cava None . 16. [This patient’s bilateral Staphylococcus lung abscesses are likely due to: (fig)] Tricuspid valve endocarditis Pulmonary valve endocarditis Catheter-related infection of superior vena cava and right atrium (RA) None of the above None Comment . 17. [The image shown here is suggestive of: (fig)] Bioprosthetic tricuspid valve Carcinoid valvulopathy of the tricuspid valve Tricuspid annuloplasty ring Large tricuspid vegetation None Comment . 18. [This is the continuous wave signal obtained from the pulmonary valve at the midtoproximal esophageal location. This patient is likely to have: (fig)] Wide open pulmonary regurgitation (PR) Mild PR Severe valvular pulmonary stenosis (PS) Severe subvalvular PS None Comment . 19. [The apical four-chamber view and subcostal views show: (fig)] Thrombus in the right atrium Tumor invasion of the RA through the IVC Myxoma of the RA Lipomatous hypertrophy of the atrial septum None Comment . 20. [This TR signal is from a patient with moderate TR. The most likely mechanism ofTR is: (fig)] Pulmonary hypertension with annular dilatation Flail tricuspid valve Tricuspid valve prolapse Cannot make a mechanistic diagnosis None Comment . Time's upTime is Up!
