Welcome to your Echo - CVT- Noninvasive Name Email 1. [The cause of the patient’s mitral valve problem is: (fig )] Rheumatic heart disease Degenerative valve disease Fen Phen valvulopathy Ischemic heart disease None Comment . 2. [Doppler shift is typically in:] Ultrasound range Infrasound range Audible range None . 3. [This is a TEE image from the midesophagus of a late diastolic frame of the aortic valve. This patient is most likely to have: (fig)] Severe aortic regurgitation Severe aortic stenosis HOCM Ascending aortic dissection None Comment . 4. [This image shows: (fig)] Normal flow in the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) Subvalvular aortic stenosis (AS) Aortic regurgitation None of the above None Comment . 5. [This patient presented with shortness of breath and cyanosis. The most likelycause is: (fig)] Ventricular septal defect (VSD) with Eisenmenger’s Atrial septal defect (ASD) with Eisenmenger’s Tetralogy of Fallot Primary pulmonary hypertension None Comment . 6. [The most common benign tumor in the heart is:] Left atrial myxoma Papillary fibroelastoma Lamble’s excrescences Fibroma None . 7. [Both high left atrial (LA) pressure and atrial mechanical failure result in a high E/A ratio. The following is least likely to help in the differential diagnosis in this situation:] E-wave deceleration time Amplitude and duration of AR-wave Pulmonary vein S/D time velocity integral ratio Mitral annular velocity with tissue Doppler imaging None . 8. [Stroke risk in a patient with patent foramen ovale (PFO) is influenced by:] Size of PFO Atrial septal aneurysm History of prior stroke or transient ischemic attack All of the above None of the above None . 9. [This transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) image from the upper esophageallocation shows: (fig)] Left atrial appendage Left upper and lower pulmonary veins Left and right atria Pulmonary artery branches None Comment . 10. [In a person with cardiomyopathy, the following Doppler measurements were obtained: Q wave to aortic flow 140 ms, Q wave to pulmonary flow 70 ms, Q to medial mitral annular Sm wave 70 ms, Q to anterior mitral annular Sm wave 85 ms, Q to lateral Sm wave 140 ms, and Q to posterior wall Sm wave 130 ms. Interventricular asynchrony in this patient is:] 70 ms 140 ms 85 ms 50 ms None . 11. [This pulse Doppler signal from a TEE image from the patient in question 461 issuggestive of: (fig)] Normal pattern of pulmonary vein pattern Systolic flow reversal in the pulmonary vein suggestive of severe MR Systolic flow reversal in the SVC suggestive of severe TR None of the above None Comment . 12. [Bicuspid aortic valve may be associated with:] Coronary anomalies Coarctation of the aorta Atrial septal defect None of the above None . 13. [This CW signal in a 22-year-old woman with a history of heart surgery duringinfancy is indicative of: (fig)] Severe aortic stenosis Severe pulmonary stenosis Severe pulmonary stenosis and regurgitation Severe pulmonary hypertension None Comment . 14. [Total surface area of mitral leaflets is generally ______% of mitral annular area.] 100% 120% 150% 200% None . 15. [A patient with mitral stenosis without any MR or AR has a stroke volume of 70 cc/beat, a transmitral flow integral of 50 cm, and the mitral valve area is:] 0.7 1 1.4 None of the above None . 16. [The Nyquist limit can also be increased by:] Increasing transducer frequency Reducing transducer frequency Reducing filter None of the above None . 17. [The TEE image shows: (fig)] Subaortic membrane Vegetation Artifact Aortic aneurysm None Comment . 18. [The structure indicated by the arrow is likely to be: (fig)] Aortic dissection Aortic transaction Right coronary artery Left coronary artery None Comment . 19. [What is the purpose of the depth or time gain compensation process adjusted by the echo cardiographer and performed in an ultrasound’s receiver?] Corrects for depth attenuation and makes the image uniformly bright Eliminates image artifacts Eliminates aliasing None of the above None . 20. [A patient with a St. Jude mitral valve no. 29 has a mean diastolic gradient of 3mmHg and a pressure half-time of 70 ms at a heart rate of 70 beats/min. This is consistent with:] Normal prosthetic valve function Prosthetic valve thrombosis Significant pannus growth Severe MR None . Time's upTime is Up!
